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[Resources] Urban Regeneration and Space Sharing

Urban regeneration is a maintenance concept of an integrated approach that values decision systems, such as the formation of consensus among stakeholders and securing the living continuity of previous managers, and considers both urban management and housing policy views and socioeconomic views at the same time. The world has entered an era of economic stagnation and low growth. In Europe, the U.S., and Japan, which experienced urban decline earlier than Korea, decline and aging continue to persist, and issues on urban regeneration that fit regional characteristics are larger than regeneration through large-scale urban development. As such, cities that have declined in this era of economic stagnation and low growth have caused problems such as the economic, social and physical environment, such as the aging of housing, the lack of public facilities, slumming and declining population. 


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As a response to this problem, the UK has shown limitations in terms of social limitations in terms of urban development in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1970s, and 1980s, when urban development was carried out, but not in physical development projects. Accordingly, in the 1990s, environmental issues emerged as a global issue, and as communities became more important, the concept of sustainable environmental development emerged as a new alternative. However, until recently, the nation had gradually reached a limit on the development of large-scale urban development methods such as the New Town project and the development of new cities, and now it should focus on urban regeneration rather than urban development. According to Peter Roberts, urban renewal is defined as a comprehensive and integrated vision and action to solve urban problems and continuously improve the economic, physical, social and environmental conditions of the changing regions. 

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Urban regeneration, therefore, refers to comprehensive and integrated activities such as physical, economic, social, and cultural improvements that create a pleasant urban environment by restoring and switching physical functions, establishing an economic regeneration and advanced cultural industry system considering regional characteristics, invigorating the urban economy by creating jobs with the resonance of related industries, and continuously improving physical, economic, social, and cultural activities to continue to transform the city into a sustainable city by generating vitality and attractiveness of cities. Recently, it is said that urban regeneration in a broad sense is the rebirth of places through the community.

Sharing means that two or more people jointly own one thing, sharing and sharing together in English dictionary, and meaning more in English dictionary than in Korean dictionary. Today, society is accustomed to sharing information with the development of Internet and mobile platforms. A new cultural phenomenon has emerged that shares not only information but also everyday life through social network services (SNS). Sociologist and economist Jeremy Rifkin describes this phenomenon as shifting from ownership to access, meaning that many are available, not to the traditional way of owning a commodity that is monopolized by one person. In addition, the government predicted a change in value from exchange value to shared value, thus changing the value transfer to a cooperative, shared society. A collaborative shared society is a shared economy that shares resources, shared space not only solves the city's chronic problems, but also connects people and creates a community culture. From the way knowledge and information were shared, it led to a cooperative consumption method that maximizes the utility of resources by sharing empty rooms, idle spaces, automobiles and objects. 


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This allows us to share interests and values with strangers. It is important to use existing resources (leisure resources) to benefit from each other, thereby forming a community. The meaning of a community formed through sharing refers to an organization when people come together to form an organic organization and share goals or lives. It is an organization that forms a qualitatively stronger and deeper relationship than a mere bond. The community has a core content of social networks based on mutual responsibility, emotional bonds, common interests and shared interests. 

The "Collective Economy," or "Sharing Economy," formed through sharing, was first used by Lawrence Lessig, a professor at Harvard Law School, in 2008 through a remix. A shared economy is a concept of collaborative consumption, in which multiple products are shared, and the mechanism of a shared economy is characterized by a win-win structure that benefits both women, users and shared businesses. As such, the shared economy has a wide range of idle resources that can be shared between individuals, groups, and the public. In September 2012, the Seoul Metropolitan Government adopted the slogan "Seoul, a shared city," and enacted the ordinance to promote the sharing of the city. The Act was defined as an activity that generated social, economic, and environmental values by using support such as space, goods, information, talent, and experience, including a shared economy using information and communication technology. They said that the public economic service creates a network of people and builds trust because trust must be the basis for sharing and sharing. Therefore, the shared economy represents a huge change in the economic paradigm rather than a simple business model, and the new way of spending is spreading: collaborative consumption, which is oriented toward sharing instead of ownership. Sharing in space is distinguished according to social unit hierarchy based on territorial concepts. According to the classification, private space, public space, and common space are largely interspersed with semi-private space and semi-private space. Shared space is the middle area as the boundary between private and public space and serves to connect the two. It is also a group's private space that filters the access of outsiders and also forms a venue for the group's private interaction.

Through the development of the Internet and online platforms, information is acquired and shared in real time, and with the establishment of a reputation system, various urban spaces have been subdivided into space and time units. In addition to sharing empty rooms or empty houses as lodging facilities or using offices as a co-working space, the shared space is expanding into all areas, including living, working space, parking space, public space and leisure, reflecting diverse spatial demands such as simple social networking, events, collaboration, hobbies and cultural life.