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[Resources] Sharing Economy and Sharing Mobility
The development of information and technology (ICS) and the rapid spread of related devices in daily life have significantly affected socioeconomic activities, with the sharing economy changing business operations and models in various ways, not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. For example, Airbnb, a residential accommodation-sharing platform, and Uber, a ride-sharing platform for automobiles, are new business models based on shared economy, which have become a must-considerable trend in our daily lives, unleashing disruptive innovations in existing industrial ecosystems. As this rapid growth of the shared economy causes a great impact not only on the corporate ecosystem but also on the urban ecosystem, it is cited as an important factor to consider in planning future cities and form related policies. Most reports or recent policy trends, however, tend to be consistent with the urban application and application challenges of these new innovative systems from a technology-driven, technology-driven, urban design perspective by global. However, since the application of new technologies and the efforts of shared-economy as an application have a large impact on various stakeholders, such as industry and business, people, and cities, it is necessary to address the impact of the shared economy as a way to solve the various urban problems that we are or will experience today, not just the application of technology.
Mobility, as highlighted here, encompasses a broader concept when compared with the mobility of the traditional transport sector. The mobility of the traditional transportation sector focuses on how to achieve economic efficiency by speeding up the transport of passengers and cargo. On the other hand, mobility, which is often referred to here, is a concept that encompasses the transport mobility of passengers and freight, as well as the accessibility of transport services. In particular, smart mobility by the recent application of ICTs has been recognized as a means for more sustainable urban development. Smart mobility can be used as a powerful means of promoting less traffic time, promoting the use of more efficient means of transportation, making safer transportation systems, paying less transportation costs, maximizing the utility of transportation infrastructure, and enabling it to be connected to less consumption such as land and fuel.
The classification of sharing mobility and expected effect sharing mobility means transportation services for the use of automobiles, bicycles and other means of transportation based on need, including car-sharing, peer-to-peer (P2P)-based car sharing, bicycle, scooter and real-time demand-based, flexible bus-based short-distance service. While traditional public transportation services are limited not only spatially but also time by fixed bus routes and distribution schedules, shared mobility features the provision of flexible time and space services to passers-by and the low cost of using them. In particular, the commercialization of smart sharing platforms due to the daily use of self-driving cars and ICTs devices in the wake of advances in transportation technology enables the daily use of such shared mobility. Shared mobility based on passersby, or passenger, can be largely divided into two categories depending on the sharing of cars and passenger cars.
First of all, Vehicle Sharing is car-sharing, scooter sharing and Bikesharing, depending on what the means of transportation are. Cassering is a transportation service that shares the benefits of personal vehicle use without the burden of owning and maintaining a car. The service was first launched in Switzerland in 1948 and spread to Europe in the 1980s, and with the development of ICTs today, its use is soaring worldwide. Cassering services are known to have positive or unpredictable negative effects on traffic congestion, non-car traffic dependence, energy consumption, air pollution and automobile industry ecosystem, as well as the effects of reduced car retention, reduced parking demand in residential areas, increased use of public transportation and reduced use of all cars. The service can be classified as round trip car sharing with the same starting and ending points, Sunday car sharing with different starting and ending points, and personal car sharing. Passenger car sharing includes peer-to-peer car sharing between individuals and individuals, and the formation of areas of the market that enable it, and distributed ownership of interests in both ownership and use. Cassering, one of these shared mobility services, predicts a reduction in vehicle purchase demand by about 50%, a reduction in serviceability for 9 to 13 cars, a decrease in emissions of 0.58 to 0.84 metric tons of greenhouse gases per household, and a reduction of 27 to 43% in annual vehicle mileage.
Another shared mobility is the re-emergence of the Passenger Ride Sharing service. Carpooling based on personal passenger cars and vanpooling's ride-sharing was initiated in the early 1970s to reduce reliance on fossil fuels by moving cars together in accordance with the oil crisis in the United States, and was one of the ways in Korea and the United States of traffic demand management policies. Unlike these traditional carpooling, on demand ride services are mobile device and application-based carpooling services, which can be classified as Ridesourcing, Ridespling, and E-mail services. The ride-sourcing service refers to a service that connects passengers to smartphone applications, such as Lyft and Uber. Ride splitting refers to a service in which two or more passengers with similar flight points share or pay fares with passenger cars. And the E-mail service is a taxi-based ride-sharing service. The service has the effect of reducing the waiting time for taxis and passengers by taxi companies or platform-based demand-supply network providers.
Finally, among passenger-based shared mobility, Microtransit is a demand-response public transport service, unlike traditional fixed public transportation. The service can be viewed as a multi-passenger passenger car or bus-based ride-sharing service. Ride-sharing platforms such as "Tada," which are currently controversial in South Korea, can be considered equivalent to micro-trends.
The development of information and technology (ICS) and the rapid spread of related devices in daily life have significantly affected socioeconomic activities, with the sharing economy changing business operations and models in various ways, not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. For example, Airbnb, a residential accommodation-sharing platform, and Uber, a ride-sharing platform for automobiles, are new business models based on shared economy, which have become a must-considerable trend in our daily lives, unleashing disruptive innovations in existing industrial ecosystems. As this rapid growth of the shared economy causes a great impact not only on the corporate ecosystem but also on the urban ecosystem, it is cited as an important factor to consider in planning future cities and form related policies. Most reports or recent policy trends, however, tend to be consistent with the urban application and application challenges of these new innovative systems from a technology-driven, technology-driven, urban design perspective by global. However, since the application of new technologies and the efforts of shared-economy as an application have a large impact on various stakeholders, such as industry and business, people, and cities, it is necessary to address the impact of the shared economy as a way to solve the various urban problems that we are or will experience today, not just the application of technology.
Mobility, as highlighted here, encompasses a broader concept when compared with the mobility of the traditional transport sector. The mobility of the traditional transportation sector focuses on how to achieve economic efficiency by speeding up the transport of passengers and cargo. On the other hand, mobility, which is often referred to here, is a concept that encompasses the transport mobility of passengers and freight, as well as the accessibility of transport services. In particular, smart mobility by the recent application of ICTs has been recognized as a means for more sustainable urban development. Smart mobility can be used as a powerful means of promoting less traffic time, promoting the use of more efficient means of transportation, making safer transportation systems, paying less transportation costs, maximizing the utility of transportation infrastructure, and enabling it to be connected to less consumption such as land and fuel.
The classification of sharing mobility and expected effect sharing mobility means transportation services for the use of automobiles, bicycles and other means of transportation based on need, including car-sharing, peer-to-peer (P2P)-based car sharing, bicycle, scooter and real-time demand-based, flexible bus-based short-distance service. While traditional public transportation services are limited not only spatially but also time by fixed bus routes and distribution schedules, shared mobility features the provision of flexible time and space services to passers-by and the low cost of using them. In particular, the commercialization of smart sharing platforms due to the daily use of self-driving cars and ICTs devices in the wake of advances in transportation technology enables the daily use of such shared mobility. Shared mobility based on passersby, or passenger, can be largely divided into two categories depending on the sharing of cars and passenger cars.
First of all, Vehicle Sharing is car-sharing, scooter sharing and Bikesharing, depending on what the means of transportation are. Cassering is a transportation service that shares the benefits of personal vehicle use without the burden of owning and maintaining a car. The service was first launched in Switzerland in 1948 and spread to Europe in the 1980s, and with the development of ICTs today, its use is soaring worldwide. Cassering services are known to have positive or unpredictable negative effects on traffic congestion, non-car traffic dependence, energy consumption, air pollution and automobile industry ecosystem, as well as the effects of reduced car retention, reduced parking demand in residential areas, increased use of public transportation and reduced use of all cars. The service can be classified as round trip car sharing with the same starting and ending points, Sunday car sharing with different starting and ending points, and personal car sharing. Passenger car sharing includes peer-to-peer car sharing between individuals and individuals, and the formation of areas of the market that enable it, and distributed ownership of interests in both ownership and use. Cassering, one of these shared mobility services, predicts a reduction in vehicle purchase demand by about 50%, a reduction in serviceability for 9 to 13 cars, a decrease in emissions of 0.58 to 0.84 metric tons of greenhouse gases per household, and a reduction of 27 to 43% in annual vehicle mileage.
Another shared mobility is the re-emergence of the Passenger Ride Sharing service. Carpooling based on personal passenger cars and vanpooling's ride-sharing was initiated in the early 1970s to reduce reliance on fossil fuels by moving cars together in accordance with the oil crisis in the United States, and was one of the ways in Korea and the United States of traffic demand management policies. Unlike these traditional carpooling, on demand ride services are mobile device and application-based carpooling services, which can be classified as Ridesourcing, Ridespling, and E-mail services. The ride-sourcing service refers to a service that connects passengers to smartphone applications, such as Lyft and Uber. Ride splitting refers to a service in which two or more passengers with similar flight points share or pay fares with passenger cars. And the E-mail service is a taxi-based ride-sharing service. The service has the effect of reducing the waiting time for taxis and passengers by taxi companies or platform-based demand-supply network providers.
Finally, among passenger-based shared mobility, Microtransit is a demand-response public transport service, unlike traditional fixed public transportation. The service can be viewed as a multi-passenger passenger car or bus-based ride-sharing service. Ride-sharing platforms such as "Tada," which are currently controversial in South Korea, can be considered equivalent to micro-trends.